Many cities, states and businesses are implementing climate initiatives that can represent substantial contributions to a country’s climate goals. To ensure ambitious and inclusive climate action, governments must recognize and integrate the full range of non-state and subnational actions into national goals and strategies. The ICAT toolbox offers valuable resources for better understanding the role of non-state and subnational actors in supporting national governments to meet or exceed their climate targets. This can support more effective climate action planning and implementation.